Unity教程：如何使用枚举来帮助简化游戏开发

08月

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你是否曾经在Unity游戏中工作过，想知道如何为你正在开发的系统创建一个自定义类型?好吧,在这个博客中，我们将回顾什么是枚举，以及如何使用它们。然后我们将使用enums来指定一些UI输入。

Enum是什么?

简单地说，enum是您可以在脚本中创建的自定义类型。微软在他们的文档中使用的例子是在一周内创建一个枚举。所以，你创建了一个叫做天数的enum，你可以在你的程序中使用7个不同的日子:Sat，Sun，Mon，Tue，结婚，图，星期五，你可以通过这些日子来调用这些。坐或Days.Mon。

要声明上面提到的枚举，你可以这样做:

enum Days {Sat, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};

·向UI面板添加4个按钮。将对象重命名为向上、向下、左和右。将每个文本子的文本更改为与父对象的名称相同。E。G，Up按钮的文本应该读取“向上”。

·在你的面板上按这样的方式组织按钮，每个对象都相对于它的名字。例如，Up按钮应该位于面板的上部。

·在创建脚本之前，我们需要设置输入。去编辑项目设置输入。

·在输入管理器中，展开“轴”部分，并将“大小”从18增加到22。在创建的每个新按钮上，将它们的名称更改为上、下、左和右。对于每个按钮，根据所修改的输入，将“正按钮”更改为上、下、左或右。

每个按钮都需要这样做。到最后，你应该有一个上，下，左，右的输入。每个都应该有一个对应其名字的正按钮。这将使我们的输入检测到键盘上的箭头键输入。

现在，单击您的层次结构中的Panel条目，并添加一个组件。添加一个cscript，并调用它。在您选择的IDE中打开这个脚本。

·将以下代码复制到脚本中:

using UnityEngine;
- using System.Collections;
  - using UnityEngine.UI;
    - public class SkillInput : MonoBehaviour
      - {
        
        [SerializeField]
        float fadeRate = 4f; //Used to adjust image fade speed
        
        enum Selection { None, Up, Down, Left, Right }; //Will be used to keep track of whats selected
        Selection currentSel; // Create a Selection object that will be used throughout script
        
        Image imgUp, imgDown, imgLeft, imgRight; //These variables will be used for fading the buttons when selected
        Button buttonUp, buttonDown, buttonLeft, buttonRight; //Will be used to invoke Button functions
        
        void Start()
        {
        currentSel = Selection.None; //assign currentSel to None.
        
        //Grab the Image components of all our buttons
        imgUp = transform.FindChild(Up).GetComponent<Image>();
        imgDown = transform.FindChild(Down).GetComponent<Image>();
        imgLeft = transform.FindChild(Left).GetComponent<Image>();
        imgRight = transform.FindChild(Right).GetComponent<Image>();
        
        //Grab the Button components of all our buttons
        buttonUp = transform.FindChild(Up).GetComponent<Button>();
        buttonDown = transform.FindChild(Down).GetComponent<Button>();
        buttonLeft = transform.FindChild(Left).GetComponent<Button>();
        buttonRight = transform.FindChild(Right).GetComponent<Button>();
        }
        
        void Update()
        {
        //Standard input calls.
        if (Input.GetButtonDown(Up))
        {
        if (currentSel == Selection.Up)
        {
        //Executes if we already have up selected and user presses up again
        buttonUp.onClick.Invoke(); //Call up buttons OnClick() function
        currentSel = Selection.None; //set currentSel back to None
        }
        else
        {
        currentSel = Selection.Up; // changes currentSel to Up.
        StartCoroutine(FadeIcon(imgUp, currentSel)); //Begins fading the icon
        }
        }
        //The same code pattern from above is repeated for the rest of the inputs
        else if (Input.GetButtonDown(Down))
        {
        if (currentSel == Selection.Down)
        {
        buttonDown.onClick.Invoke();
        currentSel = Selection.None;
        }
        else
        {
        currentSel = Selection.Down;
        StartCoroutine(FadeIcon(imgDown, currentSel));
        }
        }
        else if (Input.GetButtonDown(Left))
        {
        if (currentSel == Selection.Left)
        {
        buttonLeft.onClick.Invoke();
        currentSel = Selection.None;
        }
        else
        {
        currentSel = Selection.Left;
        StartCoroutine(FadeIcon(imgLeft, currentSel));
        }
        }
        else if (Input.GetButtonDown(Right))
        {
        if (currentSel == Selection.Right)
        {
        buttonRight.onClick.Invoke();
        currentSel = Selection.None;
        }
        else
        {
        currentSel = Selection.Right;
        StartCoroutine(FadeIcon(imgRight, currentSel));
        }
        }
        }
        
        IEnumerator FadeIcon(Image img, Selection sel)
        {
        //basic Fade Coroutine. For more Information:
        //https://www.studica.com/blog/create-a-fading-splash-screen-using-coroutines-in-unity-3d
        float alpha = 1f;
        
        while (currentSel == sel)
        {
        while (img.color.a > 0)
        {
        alpha -= Time.deltaTime * fadeRate;
        img.color = new Color(img.color.r, img.color.g, img.color.b, alpha);
        yield return null;
        }
        while (img.color.a < 1)
        {
        alpha += Time.deltaTime * fadeRate;
        img.color = new Color(img.color.r, img.color.g, img.color.b, alpha);
        yield return null;
        }
        yield return null;
        }
        img.color = new Color(img.color.r, img.color.g, img.color.b, 1f);
        }
        }
        
        Now, we need to setup some OnClick functionality for our buttons. First thing’s first, create a new C# Script called “TestMessage”. Open up the script and copy this code into it:
        using UnityEngine;
        using System.Collections;
        
        public class TestMessage : MonoBehaviour {
        
        void Start ()
        {
        
        }
        
        void Update ()
        {
        
        }
        
        public void Testing()
        {
        Debug.Log(Test Succeeded!);
        }
        }
        
        //Now, we need to setup some OnClick functionality for our buttons. First thing’s first, create a new C# Script called “TestMessage”. Open up the script and copy this code //into it:
        using UnityEngine;
        using System.Collections;
        
        public class TestMessage : MonoBehaviour {

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